Code
ORYGL
Growth form
Grass
Biological cycle
Annual
Habitat
Marshland
Oryza glaberrima Steud.
synonym | Oryza glaberrima var. longiglumis Chev., nom. nud. |
synonym | Oryza glaberrima var. subaristata Roshev. |
No Data |
Global description
Oryza glaberrima is a rice species native to West Africa, which is cultivated in Senegal's flood plains at Lake Chad. It is an annual upright rice, about 1m high, with strong rooting. It is characterized by a rounded ligule, persistent spikelets that are usually without ridge.
General habit
It is an annual wild rice with erect habit about 1 m high.
Underground system
The roots are fasciculate.
Culm
The erect culm is 90 cm to 1m high. It is glabrous, spongy, compressed at the base.
Leaf
The sheath is glabrous. The ligule of the lower leaves is membranous, rounded or truncated prolonged by auricles. It measures less than 6 mm in length. The linear blade with a tapered end is up to 30 cm long and 10 to 15 mm wide. It is flat, glabrous, with scabrid margin in its upper part.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence is a loose panicle 20 to 25 cm long. The twigs are bent to maturity.
Spikelet
The spikelets are persistent. It is usually awnless. The spikelet is oblong. It is usually 7 to 8 mm long. Glumes are reduced to membranous bulges at the top of the pedicel. The lower flowers are sterile and represented by two vestigial lemmas at the bae of the spikelet. They are white, triangular, 2.5 mm long. The lemmas and palea of the fertile flower are leathery and glabrous, smooth sometimes hispid. The lemma is usually awnless or sometimes with a smooth or barely scaberulous awn. The palea is narrower than the lemma. The flower contains 6 stamens.
Grain
The grain is oblong. It is 5 to 6 mm long.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Oryza glaberrima can be confused with Oryza barthii, a wild spiked rice that is often found in paddy fields. Oryza glaberrima has persistent spikelets that are generally awnless, if it is present it is smooth or at most slightly scabrid while Oryza barthii has caducous spikelets with long hispid awn.
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Characters to distinguish several species of Oryza
Biology | Ligule | Auricules | Spikelet | Awn | Species |
annual | 15-45 mm pointed | yes | persistant | no/yes | O. sativa |
annual | 2-8 mm rounded | no | caducous | yes | O. barthii |
annual | 3-5 mm rounded | yes | persistant | no | O. glaberrima |
vivacious floating | 17 mm pointed | yes | caducous | yes | O. rufipogon |
vivacious | 15-70 mm pointed | yes | caducous | yes | O. longistaminata |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Oryza glaberrima is a hygrophilous species that growes on clay soil in flooded zone. It is frequently cultivated.
Ivory Coast: Species cultivated in the flood plains, especially in the western mountains.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Origin
Oryza glaberrima is native to Africa.
Worldwide distribution
Species present from Senegal to Chad.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Local harmfulness
Ivory Coast: frequent but not abundant.
Nigeria: frequent but not abundant.
Senegal: rare and not abundant..
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1972. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Poilecot, P. (1995). Les Poaceae de Côte-d'Ivoire. Genève, Suisse, Conservatoire et jardin botaniques de Genève.
- Poilecot, P. 1999. Les Poaceae du Niger. Conservatoire et jardin botaniques de Genève, Genève, Suisse.
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois, J. Rodenburg, P. Marnotte, A. Carrara, R. Irakiza, D. Makokha, G. kyalo, K. Aloys, K. Iswaria, N. Nguyen and G. Tzelepoglou (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M., Keay, R.W.J., Hepper, F.N. 1972. Flora of west tropical africa. The Whitefriars Press, London & Tonbridge, Great Britain.
- Poilecot, P. (1995). Les Poaceae de Côte-d'Ivoire. Genève, Suisse, Conservatoire et jardin botaniques de Genève.
- Poilecot, P. 1999. Les Poaceae du Niger. Conservatoire et jardin botaniques de Genève, Genève, Suisse.
- Johnson, D.E. 1997. Les adventices en riziculture en Afrique de l'Ouest. ADRAO/WARDA, Bouaké, Côte-d'Ivoire.
- Grard, P., T. Le Bourgeois, J. Rodenburg, P. Marnotte, A. Carrara, R. Irakiza, D. Makokha, G. kyalo, K. Aloys, K. Iswaria, N. Nguyen and G. Tzelepoglou (2012). AFROweeds V.1.0: African weeds of rice Montpellier, France & Cotonou, Bénin, Cirad-AfricaRice eds
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Oryza%2520glaberrima
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Liliopsida |
Order | Poales |
Family | Poaceae |
Genus | Oryza |
Species | Oryza glaberrima Steud. |